A hunter who goes after small game and pests with an air rifle chooses to accept a handicap compared to the hunter who uses a firearm. As a result, a knowledge of the ballistic performance of an air rifle is essential for its effective use, and the hunter using an air rifle needs to be more knowledgeable about ballistics than one who uses a firearm. A rifle chambered for the.22 long rifle cartridge fires a 40-grain bullet at approximately 1200 ft/sec. A powerful.22 caliber air rifle such as a Benjamin Discovery or Marauder fires a 14.3 grain pellet with a muzzle velocity of approximately 900 ft/sec. The firearm generates a muzzle energy of approximately 130 ft lbs of energy at the muzzle whereas that of the air rifle is only about 26 ft lbs. One frequently hears the expression describing an air rifle as “shoots as hard as a.22”, but the firearm is much more powerful than any air rifle except perhaps some of the big bore.357 precharged pneumatics.

Pellet velocity is important, but it is by no means the only factor to consider. It should be remembered that the advertised velocity for any air rifle is usually based on the velocity obtained with a very light pellet and even then may be a generous estimate. For example, in.177 caliber a very light pellet might weigh only 6.7 grains while one of normal weight is about 7.9 grains and a heavy type might weigh as much as 10 grains.

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The velocity produced with pellets of the heavier weights might be as much as 100-150 ft/sec lower than with the light pellet. Season 3 vampire diaries. As a result, a break action rifle advertised to give 1000 ft/sec might give only 875-900 ft/sec with pellets of normal weight. In addition to the power factor, there is the difference in the trajectory of the projectile. Pellets used in air rifles do not have the aerodynamic efficiency of bullets used in firearms and, consequently, they lose velocity rapidly. Even the bullets used in.22 rimfire rifles do not have the ability to penetrate air nearly as well as the streamlined bullets used in center fire rifles. The ability of a projectile to retain its velocity when passing through air is reflected by a number known as the ballistic coefficient. The higher the ballistic coefficient, the less air resistance retards the motion of the projectile.